![]() ![]() Bird's stethoscope had a single earpiece. Bird was the first to publish a description of such a stethoscope, but he noted in his paper the prior existence of an earlier design (which he thought was of little utility) which he described as the snake ear trumpet. In 1840, Golding Bird described a stethoscope he had been using with a flexible tube. (Today the word auscultation denotes all such listening, mediate or not.) The first flexible stethoscope of any sort may have been a binaural instrument with articulated joints not very clearly described in 1829. Laennec called his device the "stethoscope" ( stetho- + -scope, "chest scope"), and he called its use " mediate auscultation", because it was auscultation with a tool intermediate between the individual's body and the physician's ear. Laennec's device was similar to the common ear trumpet, a historical form of hearing aid indeed, his invention was almost indistinguishable in structure and function from the trumpet, which was commonly called a "microphone". : 186 He observed that a rolled piece of paper, placed between the individual's chest and his ear, could amplify heart sounds without requiring physical contact. Laennec invented the stethoscope because he was not comfortable placing his ear directly onto a woman's chest in order to listen to her heart. It consisted of a wooden tube and was monaural. The stethoscope was invented in France in 1816 by René Laennec at the Necker-Enfants Malades Hospital in Paris. ( Science Museum, London) Early stethoscopes A Traube-type stethoscope in ivory This early stethoscope belonged to Laennec. Stethoscopes can also be used to check scientific vacuum chambers for leaks and for various other small-scale acoustic monitoring tasks.Ī stethoscope that intensifies auscultatory sounds is called a phonendoscope.Ī girl having her heart listened to with a stethoscope. Less commonly, "mechanic's stethoscopes", equipped with rod shaped chestpieces, are used to listen to internal sounds made by machines (for example, sounds and vibrations emitted by worn ball bearings), such as diagnosing a malfunctioning automobile engine by listening to the sounds of its internal parts. In combination with a manual sphygmomanometer, it is commonly used when measuring blood pressure. A stethoscope can be used to listen to the sounds made by the heart, lungs or intestines, as well as blood flow in arteries and veins. It typically has a small disc-shaped resonator that is placed against the skin, with either one or two tubes connected to two earpieces. The stethoscope is a medical device for auscultation, or listening to internal sounds of an animal or human body. Problems playing this file? See media help. ![]()
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